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Copyright (c) 2008 Matt Ridler

The word perfume used today derives from the Latin "per fumum" that is, through the smoke. Perfumery, or the art of making perfumes, began in ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt but was developed and perfected by the Romans and the Persians. Although perfume and perfumery also existed in East Asia, much of its fragrances are incense based.

Registered global chemical first consider a person named Tapputi, a perfumer who has been mentioned in a cuneiform tablet from the second millennium BC C. Mesopotamia. Recently, archaeologists have discovered what is believed the oldest in the world of perfumes in Pyrgos, Cyprus. The perfumes date back to more than 4000 years. The perfumes were discovered in an ancient perfumery factory. At least 60 distilling stills, bowls, funnels and perfume bottles were was recovered in the 43,000 square feet (4,000 m2) factory. In ancient times, people use herbs and spices, like almond, coriander, myrtle, conifer resin, bergamot, but not flowers.

The Arabian chemist, Al-Kindi (Alkindus), wrote in the 9th century, a book on perfumes which he called "Book of Perfume Chemistry and Distillation. It contained more than one hundred recipes aromatic oils, ointments, aromatic waters and substitutes or imitations of costly drugs. The book describes hundreds of seven methods and recipes for perfume making, and even the perfume making equipment, like the still, still has its Arabic name.

The doctor and Muslim Persian chemist Avicenna (also known as Ibn Sina) introduced the process of extracting oils from flowers by distillation, the procedure most commonly used present day. He first experimented with the rose. Until his discovery, liquid perfumes were mixtures of oil and crushed herbs, or petals which made a strong combination. Rose water was more delicate, and immediately became popular. Both materials first and distillation technology significantly influenced western perfumery and scientific developments, particularly chemistry.

Knowledge of perfumery came to Europe from the 14th century, partly due the spread of Islam. But it was the Hungarians who ultimately introduced the first modern perfume. A basic aromatic oils blended in an alcohol solution, the first modern perfume in 1370 at the command of Queen Elizabeth of Hungary, and was known throughout Europe as Hungary water. The art of perfumery prospered in Renaissance Italy, and the 16th century, Italian refinements were taken in France by the perfumer personal Medici, Catherine de Medici, Rene Le Florentin. His laboratory is linked to his apartment by a passage secret so that no formulas could be stolen en route. France quickly became the European center for the manufacture of perfumes and cosmetics. Growing flowers for its essence, the perfume, which had begun in the 14th century, became an important industry in southern France. During the Renaissance period, perfumes were used primarily by royalty and smells of rich body mask resulting from the health practices of the day. Partly because of this sponsorship, created the fragrance industry and the West. In the 18th century, aromatic plants grown in the Region Grasse in France, to provide materials growing industry of fragrance materials. Even today, France remains the center of the design of perfume European trade.

About the Author

Occasions like Birthdays, Christmas, Weddings, Anniversaries, Mothers day, Fathers day, Valentines day or maybe just a gift for him or gift for her Perfumes are the perfect gift.